This site will be taken down March 31st, 2026.

This was not an easy decision to make. For the last couple years, I have been struggling to find motivation for this site and to keep up with basic maintenance and security updates. With the rise of AI and more sophisticated tools, the usefulness of sites like this is questionable and traffic has nose-dived. I just don't have it in me to keep doing this. Thank you all for 10 years of support!

Zach

昨年の所得の実質成長は5%だった。

Sentence Analyzer

昨年 所得 実質 成長 だった

English Translation

Last year's growth of income was 5% after inflation.

Furigana

昨年(さくねん)所得(しょとく)実質(じっしつ)成長(せいちょう)は5%だった。

Romanji

Sakunen no shotoku no jisshitsu seichō wa go pa-sento datta.

Words

昨年 (さくねん)
last year
()
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
所得 (しょとく)
income; earnings
実質 (じっしつ)
substance; essence; real (in economics, vs. nominal, e.g. real interest rate); substantive; substantial; essential; tangible
成長 (せいちょう)
growth; grow to adulthood
()
topic marker particle; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
(ご、いつ、い)
five
()
be; is; indicates past or completed action; indicates light imperative

Kanji

Reading: サク
Meanings: yesterday, previous
Readings: ネン、 とし
Meanings: year, counter for years
Readings: ショ、 ところ、 -ところ、 どころ、 とこ
Meaning: place
Readings: トク、 え.る、 う.る
Meanings: gain, get, find, earn, acquire, can, may, able to, profit, advantage, benefit
Readings: ジツ、 シツ、 み、 みの.る、 まこと、 みの、 みち.る
Meanings: reality, truth
Readings: シツ、 シチ、 チ、 たち、 ただ.す、 もと、 わりふ
Meanings: substance, quality, matter, temperament
Readings: セイ、 ジョウ、 な.る、 な.す、 -な.す
Meanings: turn into, become, get, grow, elapse, reach
Readings: チョウ、 なが.い、 おさ
Meanings: long, leader, superior, senior